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Overview of CBSE Class 10th Science Syllabus
The curriculum for Science in the cbse class 10th science question paper, as prescribed by CBSE, encompasses three principal motifs:
- Chemical Substances – Nature and Behavior (40 marks)
- The World of the Living (40 marks)
- Natural Phenomena (20 marks)
Each motif is subdivided into multiple units and chapters, encompassing a comprehensive spectrum of scientific principles.
Elucidation of the topics covered:
Chemical Substances – Nature and Behavior (40 marks)
- Unit I: Chemical Reactions and Equations (14 marks)
- Chemical reactions and equations
- Varieties of chemical reactions
- Equilibrating chemical equations
- Unit II: Acids, Bases and Salts (13 marks)
- Acids, bases, and salts – their characteristics and applications
- pH spectrum
- Neutralization reactions
- Unit III: Metals and Non-metals (7 marks)
- Characteristics of metals and non-metals
- Extraction processes of metals
- Unit IV: Carbon and its Compounds (6 marks)
- Introduction to carbon-based compounds
- Covalent bond formation
- Homologous succession
- Unit I: Chemical Reactions and Equations (14 marks)
The World of the Living (40 marks)
- Unit V: Life Processes (16 marks)
- Fundamental principles of nourishment, respiration, conveyance, and excretion in flora and fauna
- Regulation and synchronization in flora and fauna: Tropic oscillations, plant hormones, neural and hormonal systems, and reflexive maneuvers
- Unit VI: Reproduction (12 marks)
- Reproduction in flora and fauna (both asexual and sexual)
- Reproductive well-being – necessity and methodologies of family planning
- Safe sexual practices vis-a-vis HIV/AIDS
- Maternity and women’s welfare
- Unit VII: Heredity and Evolution (12 marks)
- Genetic inheritance and Mendelian contributions – Principles of trait inheritance
- Succinct discussion on gender determination (Evolutionary themes omitted)
- Unit V: Life Processes (16 marks)
Natural Phenomena (20 marks)
- Unit VIII: Light (10 marks)
- Light’s reflection and refraction
- Image formation through mirrors and lenses
- Unit IX: The Human Eye and the Colorful World (5 marks)
- Anatomy and functionality of the human eye
- Unit X: Electricity (5 marks)
- Elementary concepts of electric flow, circuitry, and voltage disparity
- Unit VIII: Light (10 marks)
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Understanding the Question Paper Pattern
Tips to Prepare for CBSE Class 10th Science Exam
Sample Questions and Solutions
Unit I: Chemical Reactions and Equations
Question 1: Provide an example of a chemical reaction and explain the process involved.
Solution 1: Example: The combustion of methane (CH4) in the presence of oxygen (O2) to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). Process: Methane reacts with oxygen in a combustion reaction to produce carbon dioxide and water vapor.
The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: CH4 + 2O2 -> CO2 + 2H2O In this reaction, methane and oxygen are the reactants, while carbon dioxide and water are the products. The reaction releases energy in the form of heat and light.
Unit II: Acids, Bases and Salts
Question 2: Explain the difference between acids and bases, providing examples of each.
Solution 2: Acids: Acids are substances that release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. They have a sour taste, turn blue litmus paper red, and have pH values less than 7.
Examples include hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
Bases: Bases are substances that release hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water. They have a bitter taste, feel slippery, turn red litmus paper blue, and have pH values greater than 7.
Examples include sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH).
Unit III: Metals and Non-metals
Question 3: Discuss the properties of metals and non-metals, providing examples of each.
Solution 3: Metals: Metals are elements that typically have lustrous appearance, high density, malleability, ductility, and good conductivity of heat and electricity. Examples include iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and gold (Au). Non-metals: Non-metals are elements that lack the properties of metals. They are typically brittle, dull in appearance, poor conductors of heat and electricity, and have lower densities compared to metals. Examples include carbon (C), sulfur (S), and oxygen (O).
Unit IV: Carbon and its Compounds
Question 4: Explain the concept of covalent bonding with suitable examples.
Solution 4: Covalent Bonding: Covalent bonding is a type of chemical bond formed by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. It occurs primarily between non-metal atoms. In a covalent bond, atoms share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.
Example: The formation of a covalent bond in a molecule of methane (CH4). In methane, each hydrogen atom shares one electron with the carbon atom, resulting in the formation of four covalent bonds. This sharing of electrons enables both carbon and hydrogen atoms to attain a stable configuration of eight electrons in their outermost shell.
Exam Day Strategies
Eleventh-hour Insights:
Revisit Essential Concepts: Briefly revisit crucial equations, diagrams, and pivotal points from your records. Avoid attempting to assimilate entirely novel information at this juncture. cbse class 10th science question paper.
Ensure Adequate Rest: Strive for 7-8 hours of slumber on the eve of the examination to awaken feeling rejuvenated and cognizant during the assessment.
Organize Your Examination Essentials: Compile all requisite materials such as entry pass, writing implements, eraser, calculator (if permissible), and a receptacle of water the preceding evening.
Coping Mechanisms:
Delve into Respiratory Techniques: Engage in gradual, deep inhalations and concentrate on expelling any strain or apprehension you may harbor.
Positive Internal Dialogue: Bolster your morale with affirmative assertions such as “I am equipped” or “I am competent.”
Visualization: Shut your eyes and envision yourself serenely and confidently responding to the examination inquiries.
Dos and Don’ts Amidst the Examination:
Dos:
Prompt Arrival at the Examination Venue: Endeavor to arrive promptly to preempt undue strain and settle into your surroundings comfortably ere the commencement of the paper. Thoroughly
Peruse Instructions: Grasp the configuration and grading scheme of each segment prior to tackling any queries.
Effective Time Management: Allocate adequate time to each segment contingent upon the allocation of marks and the level of complexity.
Commence with Areas of Proficiency: Initiate with inquiries you are assured about to instigate momentum and augment your self-assurance. Don’t Leave Any Query Unanswered: Even if uncertain of the response, endeavor to proffer a well-reasoned conjecture. No deductions are incurred for incorrect responses in objective sections.
Review Your Responses: If time allows, especially in the concise and extensive answer segments, swiftly peruse your responses for any lapses or omissions.
Don’t:
Panic in the Face of Unfamiliar Queries: Maintain composure and proceed to the subsequent query. Return to the challenging query subsequently if time permits.
Squander Time on a Formidable Query: If ensnared by a query, progress to the subsequent one and revisit it subsequently if feasible. Abstain from expending excessive time on a singular query, compromising the resolution of others. Engage in
Unethical Conduct: Partaking in dishonest practices contravenes the ethos of the examination and may culminate in severe repercussions.
Hasten Through the Paper: Peruse each query meticulously and respond sagaciously. Evade hasty errors attributable to hastiness. Feel Disheartened: Confronting an arduous query is commonplace. Retain focus, remain composed, and exert your utmost endeavor.
FAQ's CBSE Class 10th Science Question Paper
The paper is divided into three sections:
- Section A (20 marks): Objective type questions, primarily Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
- Section B (25 marks): Short answer type questions (SAQs)
- Section C (50 marks): Short and long answer type questions (SAQs & LAQs)
The weightage is not explicitly mentioned, but the syllabus provides a general guideline:
- Theme 1: Chemical Substances – Nature and Behaviour (40%)
- Theme 2: The World of the Living (40%)
- Theme 3: Natural Phenomena (20%)
No, there is no negative marking for incorrect answers in the objective section (Section A).
- Section A: Read each question carefully and eliminate incorrect options before choosing the best answer.
- Section B: Provide concise and clear answers, focusing on the key points and using relevant scientific terminology.
- Section C: Structure your answers logically, provide well-explained steps and calculations, and use diagrams where appropriate.
- NCERT textbooks and exemplars
- CBSE sample question papers and marking schemes
- Previous year question papers with solutions
- Reputable online learning platforms and educational websites
- Practice solving sample papers under timed conditions to get a sense of time management.
- Allocate time for each section based on its weightage and the number of questions.
- Prioritize attempting questions you are confident about first.
- Don’t spend excessive time on a single question; move on and revisit it later if possible.
